In Europe, buckets and casks dating to 200 BC have been found preserved in the mud of lake villages. Palm-wood casks were also reported in use in ancient Babylon. Another Egyptian tomb painting dating to 1900 BC shows a cooper and tubs made of staves in use at the grape harvest. The barrel has also come into use as a generic term for a wooden cask of any size.Īn Egyptian wall-painting in the tomb of Hesy-Ra, dating to 2600 BC, shows a wooden tub made of staves, bound together with wooden hoops, and used to measure wheat. A barrel of oil, defined as 42 US gallons (35 imp gal 160 L), is still used as a measure of volume for oil, although oil is no longer shipped in barrels. Wine was shipped in barrels of 119 litres (31 US gal 26 imp gal). For example, in the UK a barrel of beer refers to a quantity of 36 imperial gallons (160 L 43 US gal). The barrel has also been used as a standard size of measure referring to a set capacity or weight of a given commodity. The term barrel can also refer to roughly cylindrical containers or drums made of modern materials like plastic, steel or aluminium. Other commodities once stored in wooden casks include gunpowder, meat, fish, paint, honey, nails and tallow.Įarly casks were bound with wooden hoops and in the 19th century these were gradually replaced by metal hoops that were stronger, more durable and took up less space. They are also employed to hold maturing beverages such as wine, cognac, armagnac, sherry, port, whiskey, beer, arrack, and sake. Someone who makes barrels is called a "barrel maker" or cooper (coopers also make buckets, vats, tubs, butter churns, hogsheads, firkins, kegs, kilderkins, tierces, rundlets, puncheons, pipes, tuns, butts, pins, troughs and breakers).īarrels have a variety of uses, including storage of liquids such as water, oil, and alcohol. Modern barrels and casks can also be made of aluminum, stainless steel, and different types of plastic, such as HDPE. " Burgundy type" 228 litres (60 US gal 50 imp gal) and.Modern wooden barrels for wine-making are made of French common oak ( Quercus robur), white oak ( Quercus petraea), American white oak ( Quercus alba), more exotic is Mizunara Oak all typically have standard sizes: Recently Oregon Oak ( Quercus Garryana) has been used. The word vat is often used for large containers for liquids, usually alcoholic beverages a small barrel or cask is known as a keg. They are traditionally made of wooden staves and bound by wooden or metal hoops. Traditional oak barrels made by Chilean cooperage Tonelería Nacional Modern stainless steel casks and kegs outside the Castle Rock microbrewery in Nottingham, England Wooden wine barrel at an exhibition in CroatiaĪ barrel or cask is a hollow cylindrical container with a bulging center, longer than it is wide. For other uses, see Cask (disambiguation).
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